Tools & notes

What I am focusing on in this photo is that he is using a computer and a notebook. I do the same. It suddenly occurred to me that every crafts person, since the beginning of time, uses this work arrangement. Tool to one side and notes to the other side. This is a great pattern. Why do we not perpetuate it today? Why put both on one machine? Some places have. When I worked at Lotus we always had a "development" machine and an "administration" machine. Perhaps some places do.

I should be able to open my laptop for use on one side of the desk and then slip out the tablet to place on the other side. Just say'n.

Ubuntu

I am because we are.

Horizon charts

I have been slowly working on a metrics collection and monitoring service. There are many others, but I wanted something very simple to feed and to integrate with a wiki to monitor/display. During the development of the service I discovered Horizon charts by way of (the brilliant) Cubism.js. The goal of an horizon chart is to use the a minimum of vertical height without loss of precision. Horizon charts look like bar charts. However, horizon charts use both the top and bottom edge as axises. The top edge is used to show values below a threshold with the bars going downward and the bottom edge is used to show values above the threshold with the bars going upward. Further, to extend the range of a value beyond the height of the chart the values are "folded" and the folds layered on the chart. Each fold is drawn as a bar on top of the previous fold's bar. The illustration at Sizing the Horizon: The Effects of Chart Size and Layering on the Graphical Perception of Time Series Visualizations shows this very well: I was a little intimidated by Cubism.js and D3.js; they are sophisticated toolkits that will take more time for me to understand than I wanted to commit just now. Plus I really wanted to learn more about using HTML's canvas element, and so I set about my own implementation. The code at https://gist.github.com/4264347 is my first cut at the implementation. It works for a fixed, two fold horizon chart. The example chart below plot the values between +/-200 with folds at +/-100.
 

Update: Updated the working example to be more general. Removed the code from this posting in preference to the Gist. 

FYI: To run the code just download the gist and open it in a browser. To play with it copy the gist into the HTML panel of https://jsfiddle.net/ and run.

Blackout Friday!

Looking forward to Blackout Friday! I am so surprised that the national brand stores and the electrical grid operators have come together to turn off the power on Friday so we all can stop and view, with utter revulsion, the rapacity that is now "Christmas."

Permatext

THIS IS A WORKING DOCUMENT
Jeff Atwood recently proposed that Markdown users come together and create a unified specification. While I do think a unified specification would be useful I do not think Markdown is the right syntax. I have used it and many of the other structured text markup alternatives. For programmer types and anyone else used to machine readable documents, structured text markup is a great way to reduce the effort needed to get content on the page. However, HTML is a great way to reduce the effort needed too. The problem with both is that Markdown is too weak a syntax and HTML is too strong of a one. We need a middle ground.

Here is a proposal for a middle ground. I am going to call this syntax Permatext:
  • A valid HTML document is a valid Permatext document.
  • HTML class and style information is discarded by a Permatext processor.
  • Any HTML end tags can be dropped if it is clear from the context that the end tag would be used. So, for example, an opening P tag automatically closes the previous P tag. An opening A tag need not use the closing tag if the link's title is a single word. Etc.
  • A short closing tag, </>, closes the most recient open tag.
  • Text within a code or pre tag need not be XML escaped. However, escaped XML will be honored. That is, if a valid named or numbered entity is found then it is honored. [tricky]
  • TODO
For example, the document contained in Atwood's posting would be marked up as follows:

<h1>Lightweight Markup Languages</>

<p>According to <i>Wikipedia</>:

   <blockquote>
   A <a href="http://is.gd/gns">lightweight markup language</>
   is a markup language with a simple syntax, designed 
   to be easy for a human to enter with a simple text 
   editor, and easy to read in its raw form. 

<p>Some examples are:

   <li>Markdown
   <li>Textile
   <li>BBCode
   <li>Wikipedia

Markup should also extend to <i>code</>: 

<pre>
    10 PRINT "I ROCK AT BASIC!"
    20 GOTO 10

[NOTE: The A tag is hard to read. Perhaps assume href.]

  For all Permatext details see Permatext.info.


A simple monitor with SMS messaging

Now and then you need to watch a directory for changes. For me, this is mostly to ensure a data build is continuing. When the directory size remains constant then it is likely that the data build has failed. A simple monitor is to regularly check the directory's size and send an email message should it not change. If the email is to a email-to-SMS service then you will know sooner about the problem.
To regularly check use cron. While you can have a program that loops over the check and then sleeps for an interval this is very likely to fail at some time, that is, the program dies without warning. Cron will not fail in this way.

Since you are interested in change you need to record the previous value to compare to the new value. Just use a file. Anything else will likely fail.

So here is your crontab line (place all lines on one line) to run the command several times per hour
*/5 * * * * $HOME/bin/watch-directory-and-mail
                -t 1234567890@txt.att.net
                -o $HOME/var/data-2012-09-18.watch 
                -w $HOME/var/data-2012-09-18/

This says to watch the directory "$HOME/var/data-2012-09-18/", keep the record of previous directory size in "$HOME/var/data-2012-09-18.watch", and to raise an alarm by sending email to "1234567890@txt.att.net" (AT&T's email-to-SMS service). The "$HOME/bin/watch-directory-and-mail" script is  
#!/bin/bash

function send-message() {
  echo "$3" | mail -s "$2" "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1
}

TO="$USER"
WATCH="$(pwd)"
OUTPUT="$WATCH.watch"
SUBJECT="$(basename $WATCH)"

while getopts "t:s:w:o:h" opt
do
 case $opt in
  t) TO=$OPTARG ;;
  w) WATCH=$OPTARG ;;
  o) OUTPUT=$OPTARG ;;
  s) SUBJECT=$OPTARG ;;
  *) echo "usage: $(basename $0) \
        -t email \
        -s subject \
        -w directory/file \
        -o status-file" ;;
 esac
done

V1=$(du -s $WATCH|cut -f 1)
if [ -r "$OUTPUT" ]
then
  V0=$(cat "$OUTPUT")
  if [ $V0 -eq $V1 ]
  then
    send-message $TO $SUBJECT "$(basename $WATCH) unchanged size at $V1"
  fi
else 
  send-message $TO $SUBJECT "$(basename $WATCH) initial size is $V1"
fi

echo $V1 >$OUTPUT

# END

Update: The script works just as well with a file as with a directory. If the rate of growth of the directory/file is slow then use "du -sb" to get byte counts. (OS X's du does not have the -b option.)

Update: If you have multi watching going on then the message sent is not very helpful. Have updated the code to enable to use to specify the message.

Update: If you don't want the script txting you during the night then change the crontab schedule to 9 AM to 5 PM, eg "*/5 8-17 * * * $HOME/bin/watch-directory-and-mail ...".






Using a simple command line script and Marked to keep and display notes

I was reading this and it sparked an idea for the combined use of Marked and a command line script. I often would like to simply collect notes as I work at the command line. The notes can all go into the same file and I will sort them out afterwards (GTD "inbox" style). So the simple command line

function n() { echo "$(date): $*" >>~/Inbox/Note.txt; }
defines a "n" command that works well enough. Usage is simply to type "n this is my note" at the command line and the script will put the timestamp and the "this is my note" text in to the file ~/Inbox/Note.txt.

The spark, however, was that I could use Marked to display an automatically updated view of the note file's contents. Further, I could add a little markdown notation to the script to help visually separate the notes. The final script is

function n() { printf "\n### %s\n%s\n" "$(date)" "$*" >>~/Inbox/Note.txt; }
Here the date is formatted as a header and the note's text as a paragraph.

The end result is a window like this

When to delete an abandoned project?

One of the projects I worked on was funded by the EU and so the code needed to be open-sourced. We did this by placing the code on SourceForge. And that was mostly all that was done. Eventually the EU stopped funding the project and so now the code sits abandoned. Untended. Crumbling with each new release of a dependent toolkit or tool.

When it was coded it represented some of my best work. Some of it is still good. Some of it I look upon with horror. This posting is not about me and my code but about the code's life. I can say without any doubt that the code will never be used again. Even in part. Anything that was useful has already been subsumed into other projects. So why keep it? Why should SourceForge pay to keep it available? I don't have a good answer yet, but I am leaning towards deleting it.

A less violent killmatching

After reading my previous posting Jonathan Stockdill suggested that the command really needed dry-run and/or confirmation flags. He is right.

A challenge in doing this in bash was in coordinating the input from the ps pipeline and the user's confirmation. I came up with an answer but am not sure it is the right one and so have asked on Stackoverflow.com for help. Until then, here is a less violent killmatching:

#!/bin/bash -e

PS_OPTS=${PS_OPTS:- -A -o pid,command}

INTERACIVE=false
DRY_RUN=false

while [ 0 -ne $(expr $1 : '\-') ]
do
case "$1" in
-i) INTERACIVE=true ;;
-n) DRY_RUN=true ;;
-h) echo "usage: killmatching [-in] [kill-options] pattern1 pattern2 ... patternN" ; exit ;;
*) KILL_OPTS="$KILL_OPTS $1" ;;
esac
shift 1
done

exec 4<&0

for PATTERN in "$@"
do
ps $PS_OPTS \
| grep -v -F grep \
| grep -v -F "$0" \
| grep -e "$PATTERN" \
| while read PID COMMAND
do
if $INTERACIVE
then
read -u 4 -p "kill $PID $COMMAND? (y/N) " choice
if [ "$choice" == "Y" -o "$choice" == "y" ]
then
kill $KILL_OPTS $PID
fi
elif $DRY_RUN
then
echo kill $KILL_OPTS $PID
else
kill $KILL_OPTS $PID
fi
done
done

# END

Killmatching: a violent killall.

I always seem to need a better killall especially when running script or Java processes where the command name is, for example, "java". Scratching the itch, here is killmatching

#!/bin/bash -e

# usage: killmatching [ kill-options] pattern1 pattern2 ... patternN

PS_OPTS=${PS_OPTS:- -A -o pid,command}

while [ 0 -ne $(expr $1 : '\-') ]
do
KILL_OPTS="$KILL_OPTS $1"
shift 1
done

for pattern in "$@"
do
for pid in $(ps $PS_OPTS \
| grep -v -F grep \
| grep -v -F "$0" \
| grep -e "$pattern" \
| awk '{ print $1 }')
do
kill $KILL_OPTS $pid
done
done

Be very careful using it with one wrong pattern and you can shutdown the computer.

Some ps commands do not support the -A and -o options. Edit these options for your ps.

Establishing a new leader and informing the lead

I have a distributed system design problem. The problem brief is
We have many clients to a service. The service needs to be fault-tolerant and so it will have many replicas. When a client can no longer access the service it will switch to a replica and inform all the other clients will switch to the same replica. (It is not acceptable to load-balance across the replicas as the replicas' data values are not exactly the same but all the clients must return the same data values at all times.)
My current design is to have the client, on failing to reach the service, ask for a new service leader. When a new service leader is established it will then notify all the clients to use it.

As with many distributed coordination designs I need a distributed group manager. I am considering the use of JGroups and/or Apache Zookeeper in a solution.

Is there an existing recipe or recipes that I should be looking at to solve this problem?

Update: We finally decided to have a master make a new copy of the repository, copy it to all service hosts, and notify the service hosts to switch to the new repository. The master tracks who has switched and raises an alarm if there is missing switchers after a fixed interval.



"I like Obamacare."

About a week ago now I was tired of NPR using the term "Obamacare" instead of the laws real name, The Affordable Care Act. And so I sent email and Facebook messages to the local and national NPR offices:

Dear NPR, please call the law by its rightful name, The Affordable Care Act, and not the prejudicial name its opponents want it called.

Both offices wrote back. The local office, RIPR, said that they would use the real name during its initial reference in a story and Obomacare afterwards. Further, "[...] because (like it or not) that's what many people know it by." I was peeved by this sloppiness and the lack of an historical grasp of the significance of names and so sent a rather strident response (for which I did apologize later). The message I receive from NPR's ombudsman was remarkable:

Thank you for your inquiry. We asked Ron Elving about the term and here is his reponse:

Initially, the term was coined and used by opponents of the ACA. It had a sneering kind of tone to it, implying that the president was trying to imitate or piggyback on the popularity of Medicare. (As indeed a lot of commercial products have done since 1965.) The White House initially resisted the term for this reason, preferring Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

In the headline wars of the cable tv news world, of course, PPACA never had a chance. Obamacare became increasingly common.

So some while ago, the White House did a turnaround and embraced the term. I am attaching a copy of the memo David Axelrod wrote about the term and why it was okay to use it as far as he was concerned. Axelrod was still in the White House as the top political advisor at the time and is now in Chicago co-directing the re-elect campaign.

From: David Axelrod
Date: Fri, 23 Mar 2012 17:34
To: [Supporters]
ReplyTo: info@barackobama.com
Subject: Hell yeah, I like Obamacare

Friend --

I like Obamacare.

I'm proud of it -- and you should be, too.

Here's why: Because it works.

So if you're with me, say it: "I like Obamacare."

Obamacare means never having to worry about getting sick and running up against a lifetime cap on insurance coverage. It gives parents the comfort of knowing their kids can stay on their insurance until they're 26, and that a "pre-existing condition" like an ear infection will never compromise their child's coverage.

It's about ending the practice of letting insurance companies charge women 50 percent more -- just because they're women.

And Obamacare can save seniors hundreds of dollars a year on prescription drugs -- and gives them access to preventive care that is saving their lives.

President Obama never lost sight of the fact that this reform is about people. People like his own mother, who spent the last years of her life fighting cancer -- and fighting with insurance companies, too.

That shouldn't happen. And because of Obamacare, it can't.

So next time you hear someone railing against Obamacare, remember what they're actually saying they want to take away.

And, today, stand with me in saying, "Hell yeah, I'm for Obamacare":

http://www.facebook.com/l/BAQH_H25mAQF6lqCpWphkfIS3anTqRmAQnppKzyZQcTismg/my.barackobama.com/I-Like-Obamacare

Thanks,

David

P.S. -- Side note: Can you imagine if the opposition called Social Security "Roosevelt Security"? Or if Medicare was "LBJ-Care"? Seriously, have these guys ever heard of the long view?

If President Obama wants to call it Obamacare then I am dropping my opposition and joining those who are reclaiming it as a term for a positive accomplishment of his first term.

Open a new terminal window from the command line with helper script on OSX

With the help of a little script called term you can quickly tail the logs of remote machines each in its own window using


for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do \
term -t ds$n ssh ds$n tail -F ~qs/var1/logs/\?s-common.log ; \
done

The four machines I am watching are called ds1, ds2, ds3, and ds4 and the two log files I am interested in tailing -- qs-common.log and ds-common.log -- are in the same location. Term uses the -t option to set the window's title (if it is not given then the first argument is used.) Don't forget to use ssh-id-copy to configured the remote hosts to use a private key so no password is needed

The term script is


#!/bin/bash
if [ "$1" == "-t" ]
then
TITLE=$2
shift 2
else
TITLE=$1
fi
osascript <<EOH
tell app "Terminal"
set currentTab to do script "printf \\"\\\\e]0;$TITLE\\\\a\\""
do script "$@" in currentTab
end tell
EOH

A kanban for one



I know that a visual workplace works to improve productivity. What I did not think about was that it can work for the individual just as well as for the team. During the weekend's browsing I came across this posting about Kanban for One. And, better, the inspiring photograph of Nomad8's office with a kanban board at most desks.

Thus inspired, I created my own Kanban board and used it right from the start of the day. And it worked! It was much easier to manage the set of activities over the day. It was delightful seeing the steady accumulation of "done" tasks. It was also surprising how quickly tasks got stuck. (And it is the stuck tasks that tend to get forgotten.) I plan to keep using the system and see how it goes.

The board is a 1'×2' piece of foam core board from a discarded marketing sign, the markings are with white pencil, and the tasks are written on 2"×1.5" Post It notes. It really couldn't be simpler to construct.

Note that I am using the kanban board in conjunction with an existing bug tracking system. The backlog is managed by the bug tracker. The queue needs to be on the kanban board, however.


Less opportunity to see how much hard work is necessary

Comment on Ian Schreiber's blog post Dreamers:

There seems to be less and less opportunity to see how much hard work is necessary to achieve proficiency and (sometimes) success. The actions of a craftsman in wood, for example, can be seen by sitting at the side of a bench and being attentive. What works and what does not is equally visible. And if the craftsman has a the habit of talking to the work some of his interior worries and choices are available.

My children have no visibility into my work. I am a software programmer. I have been at this trade for 30 years but what can be seen of my efforts and the growth? There is nothing.

From my children's perspective there is no history there is only now and the future. No wonder they and the kids you write of think they can be famous. It requires so little effort.


Sending Growls from a remote host

There are times when I want a notification about the status of a long running process I have running on a remote system. I could have it send an email. I could have it send an instant message. I decided that, since I have a Mac, I would have it send a Growl notification. Growl's GNTP makes this easy and the language bindings available make it easier still.

The one obstacle I had was getting the IP address of the connecting host (i.e., my Mac). Commands like finger and who often show this data but I did not want to scrape the command output as it is different between operating systems. Digging into the code for who at koders.com I discovered that it used the user accounting database utmpx API for getting this data. And so, with all the parts needed, I coded up growler

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;
use Getopt::Long;
use Growl::GNTP;
use User::Utmp qw(:constants :utmpx);

sub getRemoteHost() {
my @utmp =
sort { $b->{ut_time} <=> $a->{ut_time} } # reverse sort by time
grep { $_->{ut_user} eq getlogin() } # filter by current user
getutx(); # get user accounting data
( my $host = $utmp[0]->{ut_host} ) =~ s/:.*$//;
return $host;
}

my $title = "";
my $host = getRemoteHost();
my $port = 23053;

GetOptions(
'title|t=s' => \$title,
'host|h=s' => \$host,
'port|p=i' => \$port )
or do {
print STDERR "usage: $0 ",
" [ --title text ]",
" [ --host name/ip ]",
" [ --port number ]",
" message\n";
exit(1);
};

my $growl = Growl::GNTP->new(
AppName => "growler",
PeerHost => $host,
PeerPort => $port
);

$growl->register([ { Name => "growler" } ]);

$growl->notify(
Event => "growler",
Title => $title,
Message => join( ' ', @ARGV )
);

# END

My original installation of Growl was broken. This caused all manner of errors during testing. To finally get growler to work I had to uninstall Growl and then install Growl 1.4.

Refactoring Java classes with explicit serialVersionUIDs

I had a small problem today where I needed to refactor a Java class and maintain its serialization identity. I guessed that if I maintained the class's instance variable order and explicitly defined the serialVersionUID class variable with the class's previous implicit value I would be safe. So, before refactoring, I used Java's serialver to get the class's serialVersionUID. I then refactored the class and added the serialVersionUID class variable. But it didn't work. What was wrong? I needed to look into the object's serialization.

An object's serialized form is defined in Java Object Serialization Specification. I really didn't want to read the specification: All that I really wanted was to see the differences between the class's pre-refactor stream and the post-refactor stream. So I used jdeserialize to dump the protocol encoding of the streams.

What was quickly apparent in the dump was that the order of the instance variables within the stream have no relation to their order in the class definition. I was not expecting this. During the refactoring I had renamed some instance variables to better reflect their purpose. Once I reverted the instance variable's names to their previous values the serialization was the same. Success.

A distressing aspect of this exploration was that two objects with the same serialVersionUID will be considered the same by the serialization implementation and so it will misinterpret the bytes in the stream for the bytes needed by the class. The end result is that you get an object that is initialized wrong. I would have expected an exception that indicated the mismatch between data in the stream and data expected by the class. Perhaps there is a command line switch or system property I can use to enforce a stricter pairing. Be very careful when refactoring a class with an explicit serialVersionUID to either remove or update its value before committing the changes.


The trifecta of low-ceremony document management

My comment on How I name files on my Mac:
I too add dates to file names even though I know the creation date is part of the file's meta-data. When files are moved between systems the meta-data is not always preserved. This chance of loss is also what thwart me from using a tagging tool as I can not be assured that the tags will be preserved between systems. And so, the trifecta of low-ceremony document management are
  • a good title,
  • a date in the title, and
  • a good full-text search.

I want more "geek lights"

Geek-lights are the indicator lights embedded on the surface of your electrical equipment. The green "On" light. The blinking light on your ethernet port or USB thumb-drive telling you data is being transferred. Most of them tell you redundant or otherwise obvious facts. I don't need an "on" light for the monitor I am using. It is useful information when in power saving mode, however. Apple seems to have learned this.


However, geek-lights are incredibly useful for other kinds of information. Information that is different for you and me. For example, one to indicate if traffic is too heavy to venture out now. Another to tell me that I have email. Another to tell others that I am in a conference call and not just talking to myself again.

I would like to have a box of these geek-lights that I can use each for a specific purpose. The geek-light would be nothing more than a shallow and wide cylinder with the light on the top, temporary adhesive on the bottom, and the electronics sandwiched in between. Let's call them eyelets as they let you see something ordinarily invisible. Each eyelet is individually addressable by a short range wireless signal. An eyelet receives a signal that indicates whether it is illuminated or not. Eyelets don't send signals back. I can imagine the hardware being something akin to Logitech's Unifying receiver -- that is, unobtrusive.

The question now is, should eyelets have a battery charge indicator light?


"Acting like a startup" is overrated

"Anyone who isn't acting like a startup in publishing [replace with your industry] has a serious problem." I hate this aphorisms. It is not useful and mostly wrong. The only difference between a new product at a startup and one at an established company is where the seed money comes from. Everything else is the same.